PENGARUH PROPORSI UBI JALAR UNGU (Ipomoea batatas L.) DAN TEPUNG BEKATUL (Rice Bran) TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT MUTU FISIK DAN SENSORIS BAKPAO

The Effect of Composite Flour of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea Batatas L.) and Red Rice Bran on The Physical and Organoleptic Properties of Chinese Steamed Buns

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The research aim was to investigate the appropriate ratio of sweet potatoe and red rice bran in the composite flour for producing Chinese steamed buns. The experiment was conducted in  laboratory and arranged with Completely Randomized Design of single factor of the sweet potato and rice bran ratio ( f0 = 100% wheat flour, f1= 85% sweet potatote : 5% rice bran , f2 = 80% sweet potatote:10% rice bran, f3 =75% sweet potatote:15% rice bran, f4 =70% sweet potatote :20% rice bran, and  f5=65% sweet potatote:25% rice bran. The parameter included moisture, ash and fat content, colour and bread loaf volume, flavor, aroma, colors and texture (hedonic and scoring). Data was analysed with analyses of variance and post hoc test with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at five percent of level of significancy. The result showed that the ratio of sweet potato and red rice bran in composite flour  affected on the moisture, ash, and fat content, colour, loaf volume, , flavor, aroma,  and texture of the steamed buns. The ratio of 85% sweet potato and 5% rice bran in composite flour produced  the best quality of the steamed buns. The steamed buns had moisture, ash and fat content of  38.62%; 1.24%  and 4.25% respectively and the L value, Hue and loaf volume were 61.42; 64.67 and 7.79% . In term of taste, the buns was slightly like and sweet by the panelist. On the other hand, the flavor of the buns had rice bran flavor, the colour was slightly purple and texture was softer compared to the buns with 100% wheat flour.

Keywords : Chinese steamed buns, sweet potato, rice bran.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proporsi ubi jalar ungu dan tepung bekatul terhadap beberapa sifat fisik dan sensoris bakpao. Rancangan percobaan penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan percobaan faktor tunggal yaitu perbandingan ubi jalar ungu dan tepung bekatul dengan 6 perlakuan yaitu f0 (100% terigu), f1 (85%:5%), f2 (80%:10%), f3  (75%:15%), f4 (70%:20%), f5 (65%:25%). Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, warna menggunakan Colorimeter, daya kembang dan sifat sensoris rasa, aroma, tekstur dan warna (metode hedonik), rasa, aroma, tekstur dan warna (metode skoring). Data hasil pengamatan diuji dengan analisis keragaman pada taraf nyata 5% menggunakan software Co-Stat, apabila hasil pengamatan terdapat perbedaan yang nyata maka diuji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua proporsi perlakuan memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata (signifikan) terhadap kadar air, kadar abu, kadar lemak, warna, daya kembang dan sifat sensoris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan proporsi ubi jalar ungu 85% dan tepung bekatul 5% dari total 100% bahan baku tepung yang digunakan memberikan hasil terbaik dari segi mutu kimia (kadar air 38,62% ; kadar abu 1,24% dan kadar lemak 4,25%) mutu fisik (warna : nilai L 64,64,% ; nilai Hue 61,42% dan daya kembang 77,79%) dan mutu sensoris (dapat diterima oleh panelis, berwarna ungu, agak beraroma bekatul, tekstur lembut dan berasa manis).

Kata kunci : bakpao, ubi jalar ungu, tepung bekatul.